Active Network is a novel approach of networking to mobile users in which the nodes are programmed to perform custom operations on the messages that pass through the node. It provides an architectural support for dynamically deploying new protocols in an existing network topology. The routers in an active network can download and execute code that is contained in the packets passing through them, thus rendering the node recognized and run totally new protocols without making any changes to the architecture of the network. Because the network's behavior can be altered at any time, active networks could be used to provide dynamic quality of service (QoS) or to support dynamic solutions to traffic congestion. This research implements and tests such specialized Active Networks security service known as the firewall and the ping service in Active Network. Active Network environment will be implemented on a small scale test scenario in order to study the performance and characteristics of active networks

[1]. Shah S.Y., Szymanski B., Zerfos P., Bisdikian C., Gibson C., Harries D. "Autonomous configuration of spatially aware sensor services in service oriented WSNs" IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PERCOM Workshops), pp 312-314, March 2013.
[2]. Geyik S., Szymanski B., Zerfos P. "Robust dynamic service composition in sensor networks," Services Computing, IEEE Transactions on, vol. PP, no. 99, p. 1, 2012.
[3]. Tychogiorgos G., Bisdikian C. "Selecting relevant sensor providers for meeting your quality information needs," in Mobile Data Management, 2011 12th IEEE Int'l Conf. on, 2011.
[4]. Yachir A., Tari K., Amirat Y., Chibani A., Badache N. "QoS based framework for ubiquitous robotic services composition" IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems, pp 2019 – 2026, October 2009.
[5]. Tennenhouse D. L., Smith J. M., Sincoskie W. D., Wetherall D. J., and Minden G. J. "A Survey of Active Network Research" IEEE Communications Magazine, pp 80-86, January 1997.

Worldwide demand for clean, reliable and affordable energy has never been greater. New technologies are needed to produce more oil and natural gas from remote or "stranded" locations. Gas to Liquids (GTL) conversion is an umbrella term for a group of technologies that can create liquid hydrocarbon fuels from a variety of feedstocks.

In essence, GTL has the potential to convert a significant percentage of the world's estimated proved and potential gas reserves which today holds little or no economic value.

Determination of the compressive strength of an existing masonry attracted the attention of many scientists and researchers around the world. Most of these researchers, scientists and engineers want to find the best way to obtain the compressive strength of masonry in situ with high accuracy, and less cost. There are many methods to determine the compressive strength of masonry. Some of these methods are destructive methods and others are non-destructive methods and others are partially destructive. Each one of these testing methods has advantages and disadvantages .this paper presents different destructive testing Methodsfor obtaining the compressive strength of an existing masonry. Testing procedure, the main advantages and the problems of each method are explored.

masonry, compressive strength, flat jack, core test method, masonry prism, standard test method

[1]. Saisi, A., Gentile, C., Cantini.L, Post-earthquake assessment of a masonry tower by on-site inspection and operational modal testing(2013) ECCOMAS Thematic Conference- COMPDYN 2013: 4th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering, Proceedings - An IACM Special Interest Conference, pp. 1639-1650.
[2]. Franchi, A., Crespi, P., Ronca, P., Pizzamiglio, F.An in situ diagonal compression test for brick walls with displacement control on the two external layers(2014) International Journal for Housing Science and Its Applications, 38 (1), pp. 25-35.
[3]. Steil R. O, Calçada L. M. L, Oliveira, A. L., Martins, V. C., Prudêncio Jr, L. R."Influência do tipo de argamassa no fator de eficiência e nadeformabilidade de alvenarias de blocos de concreto". In: Anais do IV SimpósioBrasileiro de Tecnologia de Argamassas, Brasília, 2001, p.423-434. (inportuguese).
[4]. Cunha E. H, Guimarães G. N, Carasek H, "Influência do tipo de argamassanaresistência à compressão da alvenariaestrutural". In: Anais do IV SimpósioBrasileiro de Tecnologia de Argamassas, Brasília, 2001, p.397-408. (In Portuguese).
[5]. Zejak, D., Vatin, N., Murgul, V. Analysis of the Masonry Structure Calculation with Vertical Ring Beams According to European Standards (2015) Applied Mechanics and Materials, 725-726, pp. 111-117.

Different methods can be adopted for monitoring the quality and prediction of process stability for Gas Tungsten Arc Welding. The acoustic emissions generated during welding of V groove weld for SS304 material can be utilized to assess the behaviour of weld produced and analyze using softwares. For evaluation of influences of sound generation, extensive experiments have to be performed and a comparative study can be carried out.

In-process monitoring, acoustic emission, process parameters, response variables, GTAW.

[1]. R. S. Parmar, "Welding Processes and Technology", 2nd Ed., Knanna Publishers, 2003.
[2]. Jožef Horvat, Jurij Prezelj, Ivan Polajnar, Mirko Čudina, "Monitoring Gas Metal Arc Welding Process by Using Audible Sound Signal", Strojniški vestnik - Journal of Mechanical Engineering 57(2011)3, 267-278(2010)
[3]. R.Sathish, B.Naveen , P.Nijanthan, K.Arun Vasantha Geethan, Vaddi Seshagiri Rao, "Weldability and Process Parameter Optimization of Dissimilar Pipe Joints Using GTAW", International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) ISSN: 2248-9622 Vol. 2, Issue 3, May-Jun 2012, pp.2525-2530
[4]. J. Hoffman, Z. Szymanski, J. Jakubowski & A. Kolasa, "Analysis of acoustic and optical signals used as a basis for controlling laser welding processes", Welding International 2002 16 (1) 18-25
[5]. Eber Huanca Cayo and Sadek Crisostomo Absi Alfaro, " A Non-Intrusive GMA Welding Process Quality Monitoring System Using Acoustic Sensing", Sensors 2009, 9, 7150-7166, 9 September 2009

The growth of Indian manufacturing sector depends largely on its productivity & quality. Productivity depends upon many factors, one of the major factors being manufacturing efficiency with which the operation /activities are carried out in the organization. Productivity can be improved by reducing the total machining time, combining the operations etc. In case of mass production where variety of jobs is less and quantity to be produced is huge, it is very essential to produce the job at a faster rate. This is not possible if we carry out the production by using general purpose machines. The best way to improve the production rate (productivity) along with quality is by use of special purpose machine. Usefulness and performance of the existing radial drilling machine will be increased by designing and development of multispindle drilling head attachment. This paper deals with such development undertaken for similar job under consideration along with industrial case study. Keywords- Various methods, Design, Manufacturing, Statistical process control (Process capability)

Various methods, Design, Manufacturing, Statistical process control (Process capability)

[1]. Olga Guschinskaya, Alexandre Dolgui, Nikolai Guschinsky, and Genrikh Levin – Scheduling for multi-spindle head machines with a mobile table. January 2007 (Research report 2007-500-002).
[2]. V.N. Gaitonde, S.R. Karnik, B.T. Achyutha, B. Siddeswarappa - Taguchi optimization in drilling of AISI 316L stainless steel to minimize burr size using multi-performance objective based on
membership function. Journal of materials processing technology 202 (2008) 374–379.
[3]. Masakazu Soshi, Haruki Ishiguro, Kazuo Yamazaki - A study on the development of a multi-purpose spindle system for quality productive machining. CIRP Annals- Manufacturing Technology 58 (2009) 327–330.
[4]. T. Lakshmi Narayanan, S. Madhavan, Ankur Sinha – Investigation of Thrust, Torque and Delamination on drilling of Glass fabric/Polypropylene matrix composite. 2010 International Conference on Mechanical & Electrical Technology (ICMET 2010)
[5]. K. PALANIKUMAR - Experimental investigation and optimization in drilling of GFRP composites, Measurement xxx (2011) xxx–xxx.

Radio Frequency (RF) energy transfer and harvesting techniques have recently become alternative methods to empower the next generation wireless networks. As this emerging technology enables proactive energy replenishment of wireless devices, it is advantageous in supporting applications with quality of service requirements. In this paper, some wireless power transfer methods, RF energy harvesting networks, various receiver architectures and existing applications are presented. Finally, some open research directions are envisioned.

RF Energy Harvesting, Simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT), Receiver power, Wireless power transfer, Power management module.

[1]. H. J. Visser and R. J. M. Vullers, "RF energy harvesting and transport for wireless sensor network applications: principles and requirements," Proceedings of the IEEE, vol. 101, no. 6, pp. 1410-1423, June 2013.
[2]. H. Nishimoto, Y. Kawahara, and T. Asami, "Prototype implementation of ambient RF energy harvesting wireless sensor networks," in Proceedings of IEEE Sensors, Kona, HI, November 2010.
[3]. A. Kurs, A. Karalis, R. Moffatt, J. D. Joannopoulos, P. Fisher, and M. Soljacic, "Wireless power transfer via strongly coupled magnetic resonances," Science, vol. 317, no. 5834, pp. 83-86, June 2007.
[4]. C. Mikeka and H. Arai, "Design issues in radio frequency energy harvesting system," Sustainable Energy Harvesting Technologies - Past, Present and Future, December 2011.
[5]. L. Xie, Y. Shi, Y. T. Hou, and W. Lou, "Wireless power transfer and applications to sensor networks," IEEE Wireless Communications Magazine, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 140-145, August 2013.

It is known fact that plants generates energy using the sunlight and that the intensity of the sun drastically reduced from 18:00 hours to 6:00 hours (over the night). A mathematical model is presented to describe the process and the energy generated by the cells in the leaf of a plant at this period. The model equations are solved with graph showing the production level within the range of periods stated. This study assumed that plants have already generated enough energy both stored and used. The result showed that plant makes use of existing stored energy thus reducing the level of the stored energy until the next day when the energy level begins to increase.

Energy, Photosynthesis, Equation, Carbon-dioxide, Plant, Sunlight

[1]. Arnold, J. B. (2009). As Carbon dioxide Rises, Food Quality will Decline without careful Nitrogen Management. California Agriculture , 63 (2).
[2]. Besham, J., Benson, A., & Caivin, M. (1950). The Path of Carbon in Photosynthesis. Journal of Biochemistry , 185 (2), 781-787.
[3]. Bessel, I., & Buchana, B. (1997). Thioredoxin-Linked Animal and Plant Processes: The n ew Generation. Bot, Bull, Acadsein , 38, 1-11.
[4]. Campbell, & Recece. (2007). Biology (8th ed.). Benjamin Cummings.
[5]. Campbell, N. A., Brad, W., & Robin, H. (2006). Biology: Exploring Life. Boston, Massachusetts: Pearson Prentice Hall.

In this study, natural zeolites from the Philippines were modified using NaOH heat treatment and NaCl hydrothermal process. Pre-treatment using ferro-filtering and dealumination using different concentrations of HCl acid leaching were prepared prior to sodium activation. Heat treatment was performed using 5M NaOH at 80 °C for 72 hrs while 3 cycle hydrothermal process was performed using 5M NaCl at 10 psi for 1 hr. Diffraction pattern from XRD showed Heulandite (HEU) – Clinoptilolite (CLI) and Mordenite (MOR) framework for raw and acid pre-treated zeolites. There was a shift in HEU characteristic peak from 9.9084° and 8.91 Å to 9.6901° and 9.12 Å which can be attributed to the decrease of contribution of HEU type zeolite. The decrease in contribution enabled the peak to move towards 9.10 Å, value expected for MOR. However, it was found that presence of amorphous phase widens MOR structure on d-spacing 13.45 Å that created humps. Reduction of intensity peaks on HEU – CLI on 9.85°, 9.88° and 22.22° regions were observed attributed to acid leaching. The decline on this characteristic peaks implies severe degradation of crystal framework after heavy acid treatment although the framework was stable. Acid treated modified zeolites intensify Si/Al ratio due to dealumination. Sodium uptake along with higher Si/Al ratio was preferred for CO2 adsorption in a mixed gas system of CO2/CH4. Both NaOH heat treatment and NaCl hydrothermal process increase Na uptake as confirmed by EDS but the latter is preferred due to higher Si/Al ratio..

Dealumination, Na activation, Zeolite, Si/Al ratio, CO2 adsorption

[1]. Li C, Zhong H, Wang S, Xue J, Zhang Z. A novel conversion process for waste residue: Synthesis of zeolite from electrolytic manganese residue and its application to the removal of heavy metals. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochemical and Engineering Aspects. 2015; 470; 258-267.
[2]. Cardoso AM, Horn MB, Ferret LS, Azevedo CMN, Pires M. Integrated synthesis of zeolites 4A and Na–P1 using coal fly ash for application in the formulation of detergents and swine wastewater treatment. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 2015; 287; 69-77.
[3]. Duan A, Li T, Niu H, Yang X, Wang Z, Zhao Z, et al. Synthesis of a novel zeolite W and application in the catalyst for FCC gasoline hydro-upgrading. Catalysis Today. 2015; 245; 163-171.
[4]. Iqbal N, Kadir MRA, Mahmood NHB, Yusoff MFM, Siddique JA, Salim N, et al. Microwave synthesis, characterization, bioactivity and in vitro biocompatibility of zeolite–hydroxyapatite (Zeo–HA) composite for bone tissue engineering applications. Ceramics International. 2014; 40; 16091-16097.
[5]. Zhu B, Myat DT, Shin J-W, Na Y-H, Moon I-S, Connor G, et al. Application of robust MFI-type zeolite membrane for desalination of saline wastewater. Journal of Membrane Science. 2015; 475; 167-174.

Duet advancement of new technology in the field of VLSI and Embedded system, there is an increasing demand of high speed and low power consumption processor. Speed of processor greatly depends on its multiplier as well as adder performance. Due to which high speed adder architecture become important. Sever a ladder architecture designs have been developed to increase the efficiency of the adder. In this paper, we introduce an architecture that performs high speed modified carry select adder using boot hen coder (BEC) Technique. Booth encoder, Mathematics is an ancient Indian system of Mathematics. Here we are introduced two carry select based design. These designs are implementation Xilinx Vertex device family.

Carry Select Adder (CSA),16-BSQRT CSA, Booth Encoder(BEC).

[1]. B. Ramkumar and Harish M Kittur, "Low-Power and Area Efficient Carry Select Adder", IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, VOL. 20, No. 2 Feb 2012.

[2]. Sajesh Kumar U.a, Mohamed Salih K. K.b Sajith K.,"Design and Implementation of Carry Select Adder without Using Multiplexers", 2012 1st International Conference on Emerging Technology Trends in Electronics, Communication and Networking 978-1-4673-1627-9/12/$31.00 ©2012 IEEE.

[3]. Samiappa Sakthikumaran1, S. Salivahanan, V. S. Kanchana Bhaaskaran2, V. Kavinilavu, B. Brindha and C. Vinoth, "A Very Fast and Low Power Carry Select Adder Circuit", 978-1-4244 - 8679-3 /11/$26.00 ©2011 IEEE. [4]. Padma Devi, Ashima Girdher, Balwinder Singh, "Improved Carry Select Adder with Reduced Area and Low Power Consumption", International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 3 – No.4, June 2010. [5]. Z. Abid, H. El-Razouk and D.A. El-Dib, "Low power multipliers based on new hybrid full adders", Microelectronics Journal, Volume 39, Issue 12, Pages 1509-1515, 2008.

i) Trividaite are of Ape race ?...

ii) Anthraite are of Ape race ?...

iii) Karnadaite are of Ape race ?...

iv) Keralaite are of Ape race ?... No… No… No…

This scientific research focus that "TRIVIDAITE" (Thiri Vikadan) shall be considered as largest "Single human race" lived in "Post Ancient India" say 2,50,000 years ago. Trividaite shall also mean by author as "PROTO DRAVIDIAN". The Trividaite race shall mean "THREE GROUPS" having cultural belief of "VAINAVAISM" (say "ACHARYA GROUP", "DASAN GROUP", "NATHAN GROUP"). Hence they shall called as "Trividaite". "SIVAISM" shall be considered as Philosophy evolved at later period say 1,00,000 years ago when SUN emits first rays on the earth planet.

..

A compact band pass filter with a fractional bandwidth of 59% is designed for Ultra Wide Band (UWB) applications using a microstrip structure consisting of open circuit resonators. Transmission zeros are utilized at the passband edges to enhance the signal selectivity. The filter is characterized by sharp roll-off characteristics due to the presence of transmission zeros. The insertion loss and return loss are found to be 0.1dB and -15dB respectively. This filter has a measured 3-dB passband of (3 to 5.5) GHz, with a compact size of (13.2 x 9.7) mm. The filter offers desirable performance for the lower-band frequency of a UWB system and exhibits low insertion loss. As the structure comprises of only transmission line sections and no coupling gap, the filter is made easy for fabrication. This UWB BPF is useful to alleviate the strong WLAN signals interference to UWB receivers. To illustrate the concept, band pass filter was designed using Agilent® ADS software and simulated results are obtained.

[1]. Zhu, L., Sun, S., and Menzel, W."Ultra-wideband (UWB) bandpass filter using multiple-mode resonator,‟ IEEE Microw.Wirel. Compon. Lett., 2005, 15, (11), pp. 796–798

[2]. Sohail Khalid, Wong Peng Wen and Lee Yen Cheong, "Highly Selective, Compact Ultra-Wide Band Bandpass Filter Using a Novel Multiple Resonances Resonator (MRR)" IEEE, 978-1-4673-2141-9/13,2013.

[3]. Li, J.-Y., Chi, C.-H., and Chang, C.-Y.: "Synthesis and design of generalized Chebyshev wideband hybrid ring based band pass filters with a controllable transmission zero pair,‟ IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., 58, (12), pp. 3720–3731,2010.

[4]. Li, L., and Li, Z.-F.: "Side-coupled shorted microstrip line for compact quasi-elliptic wideband band pass filter design,‟ IEEE Microw. Wirel.Compon.Lett., 2010, 20, (6), pp. 322–324

[5]. Shaman, H., and Hong, J.-S.: "Input and output cross-coupled wideband band pass filter,‟ IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., 55, (12), pp.2562–2568,2007.

With the appearance of new innovation in the fields of VLSI and correspondence, there is likewise a perpetually developing interest for fast transforming and low range outline. It is likewise a remarkable certainty that the multiplier unit structures a fundamental piece of processor configuration. Because of this respect, rapid multiplier architectures turn into the need of the day. In this paper, we acquaint a novel structural engineering with perform high velocity duplication utilizing old Vedic math's strategies. Another fast approach using 4:2 compressors and novel 7:2 compressors for expansion has additionally been joined in the same and has been investigated. Upon examination, the compressor based multiplier present in this paper, is just about two times quicker than the mainstream routines for augmentation. Likewise we outline a FFT utilizing compressor based multiplier. This all configuration and examinations were done on a Xilinx Spartan 3e arrangement of FPGA and the timing and zone of the outline, on the same have been ascertained.

[1]. Sushma R. Huddar and Sudhir Rao, Kalpana M., "Novel High Speed Vedic Mathematics Multiplier using Compressors ", 978-1-4673-5090-7/13/$31.00 ©2013 IEEE.
[2]. S. S. Kerur, Prakash Narchi, Jayashree C N, Harish M Kittur and Girish V A, "Implementation of Vedic multiplier for Digital Signal Processing", International Conference on VLSI, Communication & Instrumentation (ICVCI) 2011, Proceedings published by International Joural of Computer Applications® (IJCA), pp.1-6.
[3]. Himanshu Thapaliyal and M.B Srinivas, "VLSI Implementation of RSA Encryption System Using Ancient Indian Vedic Mathematics", Center for VLSI and Embedded System Technologies, International Institute of Information Technology Hyderabad, India.
[4]. Jagadguru Swami Sri Bharati Krishna Tirthaji Maharaja, "Vedic Mathematics: Sixteen simple Mathematical Formulae from the Veda", Delhi(2011).
[5]. Sumit Vaidya and Depak Dandekar. "Delay-power perfor-mance comparison of multipliers in VLSI circuit design". International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications (IJCNC), Vol.2, No.4, July 2010.

Nanoporation is a highly effective method to increase permeability of intraorganelle membrane by using series of pico electric pulses. Using this technique, we can introduce specific drugs into the intraorganelle of regid cell like osreoblast and it has various application in medical science. The effect of phospholipids in respond to external pico electric fields, behaviour of water dipoles in the complex electric field landscape of the membrane interface and reorganization of water dipoles in pore formation process have been proposed in these studies. Pore characteristics such as life time, ion selectivity, size, kinetics of formation as well as number of pores are significant factors in the present study.

[1]. H. Burchardt,"Biology of bone transplantation",Orthop Clin North Am, vol.18, pp.187– 196,(1987).
[2]. L. M. Mir, "Therapeutic perspectives of in vivo cell electropermeabilization," Bioelectrochemistry, vol. 53,pp. 1–10,(2000).
[3]. E. Neumann, A. E. Sowers, C. A. Jorda, "Electroporation and Electrofusion in Cell Biology". New York: Plenum press, pp. 61–82 (1989).
[4]. S. Orlowski , L. M. Mir, "Cell electroporation- A new tool for biochemical and pharmacological studies," Biochim. Biophys. Acta, vol. 1154, pp. 51–62,(1993).
[5]. L. M. Mir,M. F. Bureau, J. Gehl, R. Rangara, D. Rouy, J.M. Caillaud, P.Delaere, D. Branellec, B Schwartz, D. Scherman, "High-efficiencygene transfer into skeletal muscle mediated by electric pulses," Proc.Nat. Acad. Sci. USA, vol. 96,pp. 4262–4267,(1999).Sersa. G,Stabuc, B., Cemazar, M,

i) Am I Hollywood director?
ii) Am I Hollywood Poet?...
iii) Am I Hollywood Actor?...
iv) Am I IAS topper?...
v) Am I Great Scientist?...
vi) Am I Eminent Engineer?...
vii) Am I Lok sabha Speaker?...
viii) Am I Christian?...
ix) Am I Hindu?...
x) Am I Muslim?...
xi) Am I Buddhist?...

[1]. YUGADI WISHES (IARA, March 2015)
[2]. TAMIL PUTHANDU!... (AJER, April 2015)
[3]. THEN MADURAI?... (IJERD, April 2015)
[4]. TAMIL NEW YEAR COOL DRINK?... (AJER, April 2015)
[5]. SCIENTIFIC RAMANUJAM?... (IJERD, April 2015)

Frequency analysis of extreme low mean annual rainfall events is important to water resource planners at catchment level because mean annual rainfall is an important parameter in determining mean annual runoff. Mean annual runoff is an important input in determining surface water available for water resource infrastructure development. In order to carry out frequency analysis of extreme low mean annual rainfall events, it is necessary to identify the best fit probability distribution models (PDMs) for the frequency analysis. The primary objective of the study was to develop two model identification criteria. The first criterion was developed to identify candidate probability distribution models from which the best fit probability distribution models were identified. The second criterion was applied to select the best fit probability distribution models from the candidate models. The secondary objectives were: to apply the developed criteria to identify the candidate and best fit probability distribution models and carry out frequency analysis of extreme low mean annual rainfall events in the Sabie river catchment which is one of water deficit catchments in South Africa. Although not directly correlated, mean annual rainfall determines mean annual runoff at catchment level. Therefore frequency analysis of mean annual rainfall events is important part of estimating mean annual runoff events at catchment level. From estimated annual runoff figures water resource available at catchment level can be estimated. This makes mean annual rainfall modeling important for water resource planning and management at catchment level...

[1]. Akaike, H., 1974.`` A new look at the statistical model identification.''IEEE Transaction on automatic control vol. 6 pp 716-725.
[2]. Alexander, W.J.R., 1990. Flood Hydrology for Southern Africa. SANCOLD, Pretoria, RSA.
[3]. Alexander, W.J.R., 2001. Flood Risk Reduction Measures. University of Pretoria, Pretoria, RSA.
[4]. Alexander, W.J.R., 2002a. The standard design flood. Journal of the South Africa Institution of Civil
[5]. Engineers, 44 (1):26-31.

Granite cutting plant is one such industry that releases polluting and turbid effluent. The residue from all these processes is discharged with water as an effluent. The effluent mainly contains many solids that harm the environment. Hence it requires treatment techniques before disposal. Several conventional methods are available for removal of contaminants like coagulation, adsorption, polyelectrolyte methods and biological methods. Most of them are cost prohibitive. The reduction of solids concentration in the effluent before disposal by using the techniques, coagulation followed by adsorption using natural adsorbents, like rice husk carbon and saw dust carbon, in contrast to the usage of activated carbon as it is costly. From a local Granite cutting plant near Anantapur, the effluent is collected and its physico-chemical characteristics are estimated and found to be pH(7.5), TS(4240mg/l), TSS(21560mg/l), TDS(12373mg/l).Effluent obtained is subjected to coagulation by potash alum followed by adsorption using saw dust carbon and rice husk carbon. Percentage removal of solids for a contact time of 40 minutes and adsorbent dosage of 0.1g/ml is maintained. The percentage removal of solids based on time variation are TSS=50%, TDS=57% for rice husk carbon; TSS=62%, TDS=60% for saw dust carbon. Percentage removal of solids for a contact time of 25 minutes and adsorbent dosage of 0.25g/ml, the percentage removal of solids based on concentration variation are TSS=68%, TDS=50% for rice husk carbon; TSS=72%, TDS=52% for saw dust carbon. A comparison of the characteristics of effluent treated by rice husk carbon and saw dust carbon revealed that saw dust carbon ensured better removal of solids. However no variation in pH is observed.

[1]. Waste water treatment by adsorption and coagulation. S. K. Waghmare Department of chemical engineering, government polytechnic, yavatmal, Maharashtra, India.
[2]. Fahiminia M, Ardani R, Hashemi S, Alizadeh M. Wastewater Treatment of Stone Cutting Industries by Coagulation Process. Arch Hyg Sci 2013;2(1):16-2.
[3]. Marble and Granite Waste: Characterization and Utilization in Concrete Bricks Rania A. Hamza, Salah El-Haggar, and Safwan Khedr
[4]. The use of sawdust as by product adsorbent of organic pollutant from waste water: adsorption of phenol Larous. S1 , Meniai A-H1
[5]. Abatement of toxic heavy metals from highway runoff using sawdust as adsorbent Kishor Kumar Singh1*, Upasana Singh3 and Abhimanyu Yadav

With rapid growth of wireless devices, the Scarcity of Spectrum resources arises ,due to the improper and inefficient usage of available spectrum band. This problem can be alleviated by Cognitive radio . The major function of the cognitive radio rely on efficient sensing of available spectrum and Spectrum sensing techniques have been used to enhance the detection performance. Among these techniques, Energy detection is considered to be the implemented in practice because of less complexity. In this paper we propose an Adaptive threshold scheme which improves the detection performance under low SNR region. In this paper, noise uncertainty factor is considered wherein the Probability of error is minimized in various SNR regions.

[1]. S Joseph Mitola III, Gerald Q Maguire,"Cognitive Radio: " Making Software radios more personal", IEEE Personal Communications, August 1999.
[2]. M.T. Mushtaq, M.S. Khan, M.R. Naqri, R.D.Khan, M.A.Khan, Prof.Otto.F.Koudeka,"Cognitive Radio's and Cognitive networks, A short Introduction",Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research,2013
[3]. Lu,Xiangwei,Zhou,UzomaOnukwo,GeofferyYeLi,"Ten years of Research in Spectrum Sensing and Sharing in Cognitive Radio", EURASIP Journal on wireless communication and networking,2012
[4]. Sanket.S. Kalamkar,Adrish Banerjee, Abishiek K.Gupta,"SNR Wall for Generalized Energy Detection Under Noise Uncertainty in Cognitive Radio"
[5]. Nisha Yadav,Suman Rathi,"Spectrum Sensing Techniques: Research, Challenges and Limitations", IJCET 2011

Programmable reversible logic is emerging as a prospective logic design style for implementation in modern nanotechnology and quantum computing with minimal impact on circuit heat generation. Recent advances in reversible logic using and quantum computer algorithms allow for improved computer architecture and arithmetic logic unit designs. In this paper, the two novel 4*4 reversible logic gates (MRG and PAOG) are used with minimal delay, and may be configured to produce a variety of logical calculations on fixed output lines based on programmable select input lines. The proposed ALU design is verified and its advantages over the only existing ALU design are quantitatively analyzed. The proposed design is synthesized using Xilinx ISE software and simulated using MODEL SIM 6.5b.

[1]. H. Thapliyal and N. Ranganathan, "Design of Efficient Reversible Binary Subtractors Based oNew Reversible Gate," Proc. of the I Computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI, 2009.
[2]. M. Morrison and N. Ranganathan, "Design of a Reversible ALU Based on Novel Programmable Reversible Logic Gate Structures," IEEE International Symposium on VLSI, 2011, pp. 126-131.
[3]. M. Haghparast, S. J. Jassbi, K. Navi and O. Hashemipour, "Design of a NovelReversible Multiplier Circuit using HNG Gate in Nanotechnology", World Applied Sci. J., Vol. 3, , 2008, pp. 974-978.
[4]. H. Thapliyal, N. Ranganathan, and R. Ferreira, "Design of a Comparator Tree Based on Reversible Logic," 10th Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Nanotechnology, 2010, pp 1113-6.
[5]. P. Gupta, A. Agarwal, and N. K. Jha. An algorithm for synthesis of reversible logic ciruits. IEEE Trans. Computer-Aided Design, 25(11):2317–2330, Nov 2006.

..

[1]. YUGADI WISHES (IARA, March 2015)
[2]. TAMIL PUTHANDU!... (AJER, April 2015)
[3]. THEN MADURAI?... (IJERD, April 2015)
[4]. TAMIL NEW YEAR COOL DRINK?... (AJER, April 2015)
[5]. SCIENTIFIC RAMANUJAM?... (IJERD, April 2015)

This paper presents a method for classification of transmission line faults based on Artificial Neural Network (ANN).Samples of prefault and postfault three phase currents taken at one end of transmission line are used as ANN inputs. Simulation studies have been carried out extensively on two power system models: one in which the transmission line is fed from one end and another, in which the transmission line is fed from two ends. Different types of faults at different operating conditions have been considered for carrying out simulation studies. The simulation results confirm the feasibility of the proposed approach.

[1]. R. N. Mahanty and P. B. Dutta Gupta, "An Improved Method for digital relaying of Transmission Lines," Electric Power Components And Systems, vol. 32(10), pp.1013-1030, 2004.
[2]. S. El. Safty and A. El-Zonkoly, "Applying wavelet entropy principle in fault classification," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, vol. 31(10), pp. 604-607, 2009.
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