Jagriti Sharma, Sunali Mehtae |
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| Training of Radial Basis Function Using Particle Swarm Optimization | ||||||||||||
Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a population based optimization technique developed by Dr. Eberhart and Dr. Kennedy in 1995, inspired by social behavior of bird flocking or fish schooling. It is a computational method that optimizes a problem by iteratively trying to improve a candidate solution with regard to a given measure of quality. It is an optimization of continuous nonlinear functions that are used to find the best solution in problem space.. In this paper, this nature inspired behaviour has been considered to optimise the neural network i.e Radial Basis Function by PSO. The RBF is a Neural Network. It is based on moving or directed along the radius. Radial Basis Function emerged as a variant of artificial neural networks in late 80's. RBF's are embedded as two layer neural network, where each hidden unit implements a radial activated function. The output units implement a weighted sum of hidden unit outputs. In order to use a Radial Basis Function Network we need to specify the hidden unit activation function, the number of processing units, a criterion for modeling a given task and a training algorithm for finding the parameters of the network. Finding the RBF weights is called network training. If we have at hand a set of input-output pairs, called training set, we optimize the network parameters in order to fit the network outputs to the given inputs. The fit is evaluated by the cost function. By means of training the neural network models the underlying the function of the certain mapping. In order to model such a mapping we have to find the network weights. In Radial Basis Function parameters are found such that they minimize the cost function. Radial Basis Function, Particle Swarm Optimization, Particle best, Global best, Local best
[1]. Kennedy, J. and Eberhart, R.C.(1995), "Particle Swarm Optimization", In Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Neural Networks, New Jersey, USA, pp. 1942-1948. [2]. Kennedy, J. (1997). "The particle swarm: social adaptation of knowledge". Proceedings of IEEE International Conference on Evolutionary Computation. pp. 303–308. [3]. Poli, R. (2008). "Analysis of the publications on the applications of particle swarm optimisation". Journal of Artificial Evolution and Applications 2008: 1–10. doi:10.1155/2008/685175. [4]. Qinghai Bai ,"Analysis of Radial Basis Function",computer and information science, vol.3, no.1,February 2010. [5]. Meissner.M., Schmuker.M., Schneider.G., [2006] "Optimized Particle Swarm Optimization and its application to artificial neural network training", published in BMC Bioinformatics, vol.7, doi:10.1186/1471-2105-7-125
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Shah Kruti Rakeshkumar |
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Performance Analysis of Data Encryption Standard Algorithm & Proposed Data Encryption Standard Algorithm |
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The principal goal guiding the design of any encryption algorithm must be security against
unauthorized attacks. Within the last decade, there has been a vast increase in the accumulation and communication of digital computer data in both the private and public sectors. Much of this information has a significant value, either directly or indirectly, which requires protection. The algorithms uniquely define the mathematical steps required to transform data into a cryptographic cipher and also to transform the cipher back to the original form. Performance and security level is the main characteristics that differentiate one encryption algorithm from another. Here introduces a new method to enhance the performance of the Data Encryption Standard (DES) algorithm is introduced here. This is done by replacing the predefined XOR operation applied during the 16 round of the standard algorithm by a new operation depends on using two keys, each key consists of a combination of 4 states (0, 1, 2, 3) instead of the ordinary 2 state key (0, 1). This replacement adds a new level of protection strength and more robustness against breaking methods. DES, Encryption,Decryption,SAC
[1] National Bureau of Standards – Data Encryption Standard, Fips Publication 46,1977. [2] O.P. Verma, Ritu Agarwal, Dhiraj Dafouti,Shobha Tyagi " Performance Analysis Of Data Encryption Algorithms " , 2011 [3] Gurjeevan Singh, Ashwani Kumar Singla, K.S.Sandha " Performance Evaluation of Symmetric Cryptography Algorithms, IJECT, 2011. [4] Diaa Salama, Abdul Elminaam, Hatem Mohamed Abdul Kader and Mohie Mohamed Hadhound " Performance Evaluation of Symmetric Encryption Algorithm ", IJCSNS, 2008 [5] Dr. Mohammed M. Alani " Improved DES Security" ,International Multi-Conference On System, Signals and Devices, 2010
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Mr. Patil Adhikrao Vishwasrao, Prof. V.S. Patil , Prof.Manoj P.Chavan |
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| Development to Improve the Image Quality by Super Resolution Representation of Low Resolved Image | ||||||||||||
Image compression remains a pure research objective in image processing from the evaluation of imaging applications. Various image compression algorithms were suggested in past with the objective of higher compression or better accuracy or both with regard to achieving compression for better accuracy. Where lossy schemes were proposed for compression architecture with high data rate, they compromise with obtained error limit. System where accuracy is prime factor lossy compression schemes cannot be used and demands for a lossless compression scheme. Various compression schemes were proposed in past for the achievement of data compression in lossless manner for both colored and gray scale images. In case of a practical image compression the image is captured from the camera and passed to the coding architecture before storage. The image information saved, are pixels represented in lower resolution so as to acquire lower memory dimension. When retrieving the image data this information‟s are to be regenerated on to higher resolution for accurate representation. Presentation of the colored pixel information in higher resolution generated from a lower resolution provides a lower visual quality. In this paper we focus on the development of an approach to improve the image quality by super resolution representation of low resolved image. To valuate the work we develop it on Matlab tool and test on various images. air pixel, Matlab
[1]. S.M.Park, M.K.Park, M.G.Kang, Super-Resolution Image Construction: A Technical Overview, IEEE signal processing magazine 2003 [2]. . Vandewalle, S. Süsstrunk, M. Vetterli, Super resolution images reconstructed from aliased images, Proc. SPIE/IS&T Visual Communications and Image Processing Conference, July 2003, Vol. 5150, p. 1398-1405, Lugano, Switzerland. [3]. P. Vandewalle, S. Süsstrunk and M. Vetterli, Double resolution from a set of aliased images, accepted to Proc. IS&T/SPIE Electronic Imaging 2004: Sensors and Camera Systems for Scientific, Industrial, and Digital Photography Applications V, January 2004, Vol. 5301. [4]. Z. Jiang, T.T. Wong and H. Bao. Practical Super-Resolution from Dynamic Video Sequences. In Proceedings of IEEE Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition 2003 (CVPR 2003), Vol.2. Pages 549~554, Madison, Wisconsin, USA, June 16~22, 2003. [5]. A. Papoulis, A New Algorithm in Spectral Analysis and Band-Limited Extrapolation, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems 22(9), pp. 735-742, 1975
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Abdalslam.S.Imhmed.Mohmed, Nurdiana Binti Azizan, Mohd Zalisham Jali |
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| The Impact of Trust and Past Experience on Intention to Purchase in E-Commerce | ||||||||||||
Buyer‟s behavior is affected by different factors that influence the intention to purchase online. This paper specified three factors Trust, Past Experience, and Social Presence that have strong relationship with the intention to purchase online. The study found that all these factors have positive correlation with buyers‟ intentions and purchasing behaviors, but "Trust" was the strongest factor that affects the intention to purchase online.Therefore the study concludes that trust is the main driver that improves online business. A meta-study of the empirical literature on trust and other two factors in e-commerce systems was conducted, and propose a qualitative model incorporating the various factors that have been empirically found to influence consumer trust increase the intention to purchase online.
The Impact of Trust and Past Experience on Intention to Purchase in E-Commerce
[1] Carlson, P.J. and Davis, G.B. (1998), "An investigation of media selection among directors and managers: from "self‟ to "other‟ orientation", MIS Quarterly, Vol. 22 No. 3, pp. 335-62. [2] Dennis, A.R. and Kinney, S. (1998), "Testing media richness theory in the new media: the effects of cues, feedback, and task equivocality", Information Systems Research, Vol. 9 No. 3, pp. 256-74. [3] Dianne Cyr, Khaled Hassanein, Milena Head (2010), the Role of Social Presence in Establishing Loyalty in e-Service Environments [4] David Gefena, Detmar W. Straubb (2009), Consumer trust in B2C e-Commerce and the importance of social presence: experiments in e-Products and e-Services, a Department of Management, Bennet LeBow College of Business, Drexel University, 101 N. 33rd Street/Academic Building, Philadelphia, PA 19104-2875, USA [5] E-Learning Environments.Distance Education, Vol.29, No. 1, 89-106.
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abdalslam.S.Imhmed.Mohmed, Nurdiana Binti Azizan, Mohd Zalisham Jali |
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| The Adaptation of E- Commerce in Malaysia | ||||||||||||
E-commerce or Electronic commerce is the most growing technology nowadays for doing business online. This technology is getting rapid development and adoptedby most of businessesin the developing countries. Its growth is very high compared with other types of technologies. The technology is improving in daily bases and most of the developed countries depend on e-commerce to make businesses and trading deals. Some developing countries in Africa and Asia are still trying to track the steps of other developed countries in Europe and America in order to get the high advantage of adopting e-commerce but the adoption is not easy due to many barriers that is demonstrated in this paper. This paper evaluates the main barriers hindering e-commerce adoption in Developing countries in General and Malaysia in particular. The study will identify the sources of these barriers and attempt to find the right solutions to eliminate them which pave the way for swift adoption to e-commerce in Malaysia. The main objective of this study is to develop the right approach to implement e-commerce in small and medium size enterprises SMEs in Malaysia through analyzing the obstacles and barriers that make the adoption of e-commerce very difficult. This paper will contribute for further researches in this subject in order to develop the right approaches for installation the latest technology of e-commerce in Malaysia.
This study uses interviews for collecting the necessary data for analysis in order to evaluate the barriers that hinder e-commerce adoption. The research's empirical collected data is collected from interviews that will be conducted with selected successful Malaysian companies that use latest e-commerce application in doing businesses and trading online. E-commerce, Small and Medium Enterprises SMEs, Developing Countries, Internet Security, Information Technology
[1] Payne, J.E., (2003), E-Commerce Readiness for SMEs in Developing Countries: A Guide for DevelopmentProfessionals, http://learnlink.aed.org/Publications/Concept_Papers/ecommerce_readiness.pdf
[2] Mann, C.L. (2000a), "Electronic Commerce in Developing Countries. Issues for Domestic Policy and WTO Negotiations", Institute for International Economics Working Paper, No. 2000-03, Washington, D.C.www.iie.com/CATALOG/WP/2000/00-3.pdf (last accessed April 4, 2001). [3] Odedra-Straub, M., (2003), "E-Commerce and Development": Whose development?, Electronic Journal on Information Systems in Developing Countries, 11, 2, 1-5, http://www.eiisdc.org [4] Payne, J.E., (2003), E-Commerce Readiness for SMEs in Developing Countries: A Guide for Development Professionals, http://learnlink.aed.org/Publications/Concept_Papers/ecommerce_readiness.pdf [5] Han, S. & Shavitt, S. (1994). Persuasion and culture: Advertising appeals in individualistic and collectivistic societies. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 30, 326-350.
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Shruthi.B.M, Pooja Mohnani, Mallinath, Ashwin.R.G |
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| Multimodal Biometric Authentication Combining Finger Vein and Finger Print | ||||||||||||
Bio-Metric is a process of identifying a person using physiological and behavioural features. Physiological features are Iris recognition, DNA matching, hand vein identification, finger print identification and behavioural features are voice recognition, signature, password, keystroke etc. Since Unimodal systems are having drawbacks, in this paper we are focusing into Multimodal biometric systems. Multimodal biometric systems have been widely used to achieve high recognition accuracy. Among various multimodality options, fingerprint and finger vein has gained much attention to combine accuracy, universality and cost efficiency of the solution. In this paper a new approach is employed to improve the authentication. The system simultaneously acquires the finger vein and low resolution fingerprint images and combines these two evidences using a two new score level combination strategy i.e., holistic and nonlinear fusion.
Accuracy, Holistic, Multimodal, Unimodal, Universality
[1] Ajay Kumar, Yingbo Zhou, "Human Identification using Finger Images", IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, vol. 21, pp. 2228-2244, April 2012. [2] T.Sheeba , M.Justin Bernard , "Survey on Multimodal Biometric Authentication Combining Fingerprint and Finger vein ", International Journal of Computer Applications (0975 – 8887) Volume 51– No.5, August 2012. [3] Vivek Kanhangad, Ajay Kumar, "A Unified Framework for Contactless Hand Verification", IEEE transactions on information forensics and security", vol. 6, no. 3, September 2011. [4] Hatim A, Aboal samh, "A Multi Biometric System Using Combined Vein and Fingerprint Identification", International Journal of Circuits, Systems and Signal Processing, pp 29-36, Issue 1, Volume 5, 2011. [5] Anil K. Jain, Fellow, and Jianjiang Feng, "Latent Fingerprint Matching", "IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence", vol. 33, no. 1, January 2011.
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S. Gupta, A. Chaube, P. Verma |
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| Thermo-Hydraulic Performance of a Roughened Square Duct Having Inclined Ribs with a Gap on Two Opposite Walls | ||||||||||||
Experimentation has been carried out to find the influence of a gap provided in ribs on thermohydraulic
performance of a square duct roughened with discrete inclined ribs. The two opposite walls of the square duct are roughened with ribs having attack angle (α) of 450 and a gap on its length. The investigation has been performed for relative roughness pitch (p/e) of 10, relative roughness height (e/Dh) of 0.060 and Reynolds number is varied in the range of 5000-40,000. The other rib parameters; relative gap position (d/W) and relative gap width (g/e) is varied in the range of 1/4 – 2/3(4 steps) and 0.5 – 1.5 (3 steps) respectively. The comparative study of various cases shows that the ribs with a gap considerably enhance the value of thermohydraulic performance for the range of parameters considered for the study. Presence of inclined ribs with a gap yields about 2.1-fold enhancements in thermo-hydraulic performance as compared to smooth duct. The maximum value of thermo-hydraulic performance parameter is noted for relative gap width of 1.0 and the relative gap position of 1/3. Relative gap width, relative gap position, Reynolds number, Thermo-hydraulic performance
[1] M. J. Lewis, "Optimizing the thermo hydraulic performance of rough surface", international Journal of Heat and Mass transfer", 18, (1975), pp. 1243-1248.
[2] J. C. Han, S. Dutta, and S. V. Ekkad, "Gas Turbine Heat Transfer and Cooling Technology", Taylor & Francis, Inc., New York, (2001). [3] J.C. Han, L.R. Glicksman, and W.M. Rohsenow, "An Investigation of Heat Transfer and Friction for Rib-Roughened Surfaces," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 21, (1978), pp. 1143-1156. [4] J.C. Han and J.S. Park, "Developing Heat Transfer in Rectangular Channels with Rib Turbulators," International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, 31,(1988), pp. 183-195. [5] B. V. Johnson, J. H. Wagner, G. D. Steuber, and F. C. Yeh, ""Heat Transfer in Rotating Serpentine Passages With Selected Model Orientations for Smooth or Skewed Trip Walls,‟‟ ASME Paper 93-GT-305 (1993).
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Srinivasan Chinnammai |
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| Cost Benefit Modelling of Solar Energy Technology | ||||||||||||
The fundamental economic reality of fossil fuels is that such fuels are found only in a relatively small number of locations across the globe, yet are consumed everywhere. The economic reality, by contrast, is that solar resources are available, in varying degrees, all over the world. Therefore, this study concentrates on solar power as a renewable source of energy. It has many benefits compared to fossil fuels. It is clean and green, non-polluting and everlasting energy. For this reason it has attracted more attention than other alternative sources of energy in recent years. It tries to throw light on the cost of solar energy devices like solar water heaters and solar photovoltaic street light etc. and their benefits to households and corporate. Hence primary data has been collected through interview and questionnaire methods. The result of the study shows that benefits accrued from the 100 LPD solar water heaters definitely yields not only profit to the individual who owns the module but also to the society by way of pollution free environment.
Energy, Solar energy, Solar Devices, Environment, Cost Benefit
[1]. P. Radhakrishna, "Solar Thermal Devices for Industrial Applications" –clean and efficient , Renewable Energy Science Series -11-c, fifth printed , "2002, Government of India , Ministry of non- conventional Energy sources, pp5-9.
[2]. Muhopadhyay K, Sensarma B. and Saha H. "Solar PV lanterns with Centralized charging system- a new concept for rural lighting in the developing nations", "Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, Vol.31, pp 437-446. 1993. [3]. Kumar A., et al , "Potential of Solar Energy in India, Tata Energy Research institute publications, New Delhi, 1996.
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Dinesh Saxena, Somesh Kumar Saxena, Neetesh Mishra |
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| Study of Molecular Interactions in Para Azoxy Anisole (PAA) In Different Solutions | ||||||||||||
This paper dwells on the results of the experimental study of three binary mixture i.e., Para-azoxy anisole (PAA)-Benzene (C6H6), Para-azoxy anisole (PAA)-Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), Para-azoxy anisole (PAA)-1-4 Dioxane (C4H8O2) at 303K, 303K and 304K respectively. The ultrasonic velocity (u) and density (ρ) have been measured in different mole fraction. From these values the acoustical parameters like adiabatic compressibility (β), acoustic impedance (Z) and free length (Lf) have been calculated. And also access Wada's constant (W) and Rao's constant(R). The extent of interactions existing between component molecules has been found
Binary mixture, Free length of interaction, Wada's constant, Rao's constant, Adiabatic compressibility, Acoustic impedance
[1]. Jayakumar S, Karunanithi N and Kannappan V, Indian J Pure Appl Phys, 34(1996)761.
[2]. Kannappan V, Xavier Jesu Raja and Jaya Santhi R, Indian J Pure Appl Phys, 41(2003)690. [3]. Satyavathi A V, Acoustical, 28(1973)177. [4]. Anwer Ali, Yasmin Akhtar and Soghra Hyder, J Pure Appl Ultrason, 25(2005)13. [5]. Jha D K and Jha B L, Indian J Pure and Appl Phys, 28(1990)346.
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G.Jalalu, Harikrishna Paik, S.Kalpana |
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| Design and Implementation of Compensator for Optimizing Linear Time Invariant System Parameters | ||||||||||||
Most of control systems in vogue are Linear Time Invariant (LTI) systems and are characterized by several parameters such as settling time, over shoot and rise time etc. Optimization of these parameters is required to meet the desired system response and smooth operation of the system. In this paper, an optimization based compensator is designed and implemented for a closed loop LTI system and the system response is observed both in time and frequency domain. The compensator is designed using optimization technique so that the control system meets the system specifications. The LTI system model consisting of gain, limited integrator and a delay unit is considered for optimization. The controller is tuned using Ziegler-Nichols open loop tuning algorithm to optimize mainly settling time, rise time and percentage of over shoot. The feasible and optimal solutions within the specified tolerances of these parameters are obtained and presented.
control systems, controller, closed loop, optimization, stability
[1]. BENJAMIN C.KUO, Automatic Control Systems, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. [3]. Locke, M.H., A.W. Westerberg, and R.H.Edheal, "Improved Successive quadratic programming optimization algorithm for engineering design problem", AICHE.J., 29, 871-874, 1983. [4]. E. K. Chong and S. H. Zak, An Introduction to Optimization. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley, 2008. [5]. Biegler, L.T., and J.B.Rawlings, "Optimization approaches to Nonlinear model prediction Control", CPC-IV, Austin, Texas (1991).
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Prof. Atul dhale, Fahim khan |
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| Application of Acoustic Emission Technique in Various Field | ||||||||||||
This paper reviews applications of acoustic emission sensing techniques in machining. Originally applied to non-destructive testing of structures but now Acoustic Emission Signals are proving to be an effective tool for monitoring of the machining process due to its sensitivity to process parameters. The source of AE is attributed to the release of stored elastic energy that manifests itself in the form of elastic waves that propagate in all directions on the surface of a material. These detectable AE waves can provide useful information about the health condition of a machine and the process. This paper gives some background of acoustic emission and its application in various field .Special emphases on its application in monitoring of machining Process.
control systems, controller, closed loop, optimization, stability
[1]. J. Francis Xavier* and S. Sampathkumar , "Condition Monitoring Of Turning Process Using AE Sensor", International Conference on Mechanical Engineering 2005 (ICME2005) 28- 30 December 2005, Dhaka, Bangladesh
[2]. Untersuchungen uber das, Auftreten Geraushen, beim Zugversuch, "An Investigation into the Occurrence of Noises in Tensile Tests". Kaiser J, PhD dissertation,Technische Hochschule, Munich Germany, 1950 [3]. Xiaoli Li, "Acoustic emission method for tool wear monitoring during turning, A brief review:", International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture 42 (2002) 157–165 [4]. R. Krishnamurthy, H. Ravindra, Y. Srinivasa, " Acoustic emission for tool condition monitoring in metal cutting", Wear 212 (1)(1997) 78–84 [5]. Schumacher,Thomas, "New acoustic emission applications in civil engineering", http://hdl.handle.net/1957/13873
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Olubosede. O |
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| Electron Density Profiles In Metallic Surfaces | ||||||||||||
This paper takes a look at the properties of electron density profiles at the metal surfaces; this was
done by calculating the properties in the bulk, at the surface and just outside the metal surface using the
equations proposed by Kiejna and Wojciechowski. The results obtained shows that; in the bulk of metals,
electron density profile depends inversely on the concentration of the electrons and also on the binding energy
of the metal as binding energy per electron exhibit the same trend. It decays and saturates exponentially towards
the bulk. Electron density profile, metallic surfaces.
[1] Acioli, H.P and Ceperley, D.M (1996). Diffusion monte carlo study of jellium surfaces: Electronic
densities and pair correlations, Phys. Rev B.Volume 55, number 23, Pp17199-17207. [2] Aschcroft N.W and Mermin N.D (1976). Solid state Physics. Holt Richard and Winston. [3] Brajczewska, M. Heriques, C and Foilhais, C. (2001). Dependence of metalsurface properties on the valence-electron density in the stabilized jellium model. Elsevier. Volume 63. Pp. 135-138. [4] Budd, H.F. and Vannnimenus, J.(1973). Surface forces and the jellium Model.Physical Review letters.Volume31, Number 19, Pp1218-1221. [5] Kiejna A. and K.F Wojciechowski (1996) Metal Surface Electron Physics, Elsevier Science Ltd, The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidington, Oxford OX5 1GB,
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