Version - 1 (October 2015) |
Vivek Hardaha, prof. Paresh Rawat, prof.Saima Ayyub |
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| High Speed Time Efficient Reversible ALU Based Logic Gate Structure on Vertex Family | ||||||||||||
Programmable reversible logic is emerging as a prospective logic design style for implementation in modern nanotechnology and quantum computing with minimal impact on circuit heat generation. Recent advances in reversible logic using and quantum computer algorithms allow for improved computer architecture and arithmetic logic unit designs. In this paper, the two novel 4*4 reversible logic gates (MRG and PAOG) are used with minimal delay, and may be configured to produce a variety of logical calculations on fixed output lines based on programmable select input lines. The proposed ALU design is verified and its advantages over the only existing ALU design are quantitatively analyzed. The proposed design is synthesized using Xilinx ISE software and simulated using MODEL SIM 6.5b.
Reversible Gates, Arithmetic Unit (ALU), Garbage Output, Quantum Cost
[1]. A. Peres, Reversible logic and quantum computers, Phys. Rev. A 32 (1985) 3266–3276. [2]. E. Fredkin and T. Toffoli,"Conservative Logic", Int‟l J. Theoretical Physics Vol 21, pp.219-253, 1982. [3]. R Feynman " Quantum Mechanical Computers", Optical News, Vol.11, pp 11-20, 1985 [4]. Matthew Morrison and Nagarajan Ranganathan2013" Design of a Reversible ALU based on Novel Programmable Reversible Logic Gate Structures [5]. Saurabh Kotiyal, Himanshu Thapliyal and Nagarajan Ranganathan, "Mach-Zehnder Interferometer Based Design of All Optical Reversible Binary Adder" 2012 IEEE.
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Manasa Tripuraneni, K.Bogeshwaran, K.Viswanath |
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Effect of Hydrogen as a fuel source in IC Engines |
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Hydrogen is the next targeted alternate fuel in the upcoming decade. Being available abundantly, it can prove to be a potential resource in combustion engines to produce useful work with less impact compared to conventionally used fuels that pollute our environment. This study enumerates in short, the different ways to produce hydrogen from conventional methods and more importantly the use and effect of hydrogen in Internal Combustion Engines. Fuel properties and emission analysis have been discussed. Properties like Thermal efficiency, Start Of Combustion (SOC), Volume efficiency are studied briefly. This study would give an overall comparison of Hydrogen effect on combustion engines.
H2 fuel, emission of H2 fuel, H2 performance in IC engines, zero COX emission, less SOI & SOC
[1]. Hendry S. Tira, José M. Herreros, Athanasios Tsolakis , Miroslaw L. Wyszynski, "Influence of the addition of PG-reformate and H2 on an engine dually fuelled with LPG–diesel, –RME and –GTL Fuels", Fuel,118(2014)73–82. [2]. Midhat Talibi*, Paul Hellier, Ramanarayanan Balachandran, Nicos Ladommatos, "Effect of hydrogen-diesel uel co-combustion on exhaust emissions with verification using an in-cylinder gas sampling technique", International journal of Hydrogen energy 39 (2014) 15088 – 15102. [3]. P.G. Aleiferis*, M.F. Rosati, "Flame chemiluminescence and OH LIF imaging in a hydrogen-fuelled spark-nition engine", International journal of hydrogen energy 37 (2012) 1797-1812 [4]. Fanos Christodoulou*, Athanasios Megaritis, "Experimental investigation of the effects of simultaneous hydrogen and nitrogen addition on the emissions and combustion of a diesel engine", International journal of hydrogen energy 39 (2014) 2629-2702. [5]. Shahid Imran a,b,*, D.R. Emberson a, Amjad Hussain c,Hassan Ali d, Balazs Ihracska f, T.Korakianitis e, "Performance and specific emissions contours throughout the operating range of hydrogen-fueled compression ignition engine with diesel and RME pilot fuels", Alexandria Engineering Journal (2015) 54, 303–314.
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Md. Maniruzzaman, Alok Sarkar, Rafia Nishat Toma, Md. Tariq Hasan |
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| Estimation of Crosstalk Noise for 2 RC and RLC Interconnects in Deep Submicron VLSI Circuits | ||||||||||||
Crosstalk noises have been estimated both for RC and RLC interconnects, respectively, in deep submicron VLSI circuits. The 2π model approach has been employed. The victim line is considered as an RC or RLC line, and the aggressor line is placed near the victim line. The aggressor line is excited with a voltage pulse at the coupling location keeping the victim line quiet. Analytical expressions of the output crosstalk noise voltages have been derived, and then the values of the peak noise voltages have been calculated. Subsequently, simulation work by HSPICE has been performed. The result shows an output crosstalk peak noise estimation of 6.29% error on average and that of 5.77% error on average compared with HSPICE simulation both for 2π RC and RLC interconnects, respectively.
Crosstalk noise, Interconnect, Deep submicron, 2 model, Victim line, Aggressor line, VLSI circuit.
[1]. P. V. Hunagund, and A. B. Kalpana, "Crosstalk noise modeling for RC and RLC interconnects in deep submicron VLSI circuits", Journal of Computing, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 60-65, Apr. 2010.
[2]. V. Maheshwari, Annushree, R. Kar, D. Mandal, and A. K. Bhattacharjee, "Noise modeling for RC interconnects in deep submicron VLSI circuit for unit step input ", Journal of Electron Devices, vol. 11, pp. 632-636, Nov. 2011. [3]. S. Sahoo, M. Datta, and R. Kar, "Accurate crosstalk analysis for RLC on-chip VLSI interconnect", International Journal of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, vol. 5, no. 4, pp. 302-310, Nov. 2011. [4]. Anushree, and V. Maheshwari, "Crosstalk noise reduction using wire spacing in VLSI RC global interconnects", Journal of Electron Devices, vol. 20, pp. 1755-1760, Sep. 2014. [5]. M. Hashimoto, M. Takahashi, and H. Onodera, "Crosstalk noise estimation for generic RC trees", IEICE Trans. Fundamentals, vol. E86-A, no.12, pp. 2965-2973, Dec. 2003.
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Nitesh Kumar Gupta, Dr.R. Mahanty |
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| Harmonic Optimization of Multilevel Inverter | ||||||||||||
In present work, optimization techniques genetic algorithm (GA) and particle swarm optimization (PSO) are used to compute switching angles for the cascaded multilevel inverter for selective harmonic elimination and the results are compared. Switching angles obtained from PSO produced better output with less harmonic content. Due to better performance PSO results are used further to obtain training set for Artificial Neural Network (ANN). Hence implementation of ANN for the elimination of low order harmonics is presented. Output voltage for nine level inverter is obtained for both single phase and three phase Cascaded Multilevel Inverter (CMLI). Switching angles are calculated through GA and PSO for various modulation indices and for minimum Total Harmonic Distortion (THD). Simulation results are presented using MATLAB and m file program. Through ANN real time implementation is possible with significantly reduced lower harmonics and improved performance.
artificial neural network, fitness value, modulation index, multilevel inverter, genetic algorithm, particle swarm optimization, selective harmonic elimination, total harmonic distortion.
[1]. J. Rodriguez, J. Lai, F. Z. Peng, ―Multilevel inverters: a survey of topologies, control and applications,‖ IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 724-738, Aug. 2002.
[2]. A. Pandey, B. Singh, B. N. Singh, A. Chandra, K. Al-Haddad, D. P. Kothari, ―A review of multilevel power converters,‖ Institute of Engineers Journal (India) , pp. 220-231, vol. 86, March 2006. [3]. S. Kouro,M. Malinowski, K. Gopakumar, J. Pou, L. G. Franquelo, B. Wu, J.Rodriguez, M. A. Perez, J. I. Leon, ―Recent advances and industrial applications of multilevel converters, ‖ IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics, vol. 57, no. 8, pp. 2553-2580, Aug. 2010. [4]. R. Rangarajan, F. E. Villaseca, ―A switching scheme for multilevel converters with non-equal DC sources,‖ 39th North American Power Symposium, pp. 308-313, Sept. 2007. [5]. J. N. Chiasson, L. M. Tolbert, K. J. McKenzie, Z. Du, ―A unified approach to solving the harmonic elimination equations in multilevel converters,‖ IEEE Transactions on Power Electronics, vol. 19, no. 2, pp. 478-490, Mar. 2004.
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Zakaria Mouallif, Bouchaib Radi, Ilias Mouallif |
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| The Thermomechanical Modeling of Aluminothermic Welds Affected by Different Defects | ||||||||||||
This work is devoted to the analysis of the thermo-mechanical behavior of thermite welded rails by numerical simulation. A beam with the profile of an UIC60 rail and a weld in the middle, is simulated with the same function of an Hertzian pressure and with the same boundary conditions. For this purpose we present three welds: One without failures, the second one affected by porosity and the last one affected the defect of adhesion. In this modeling, we took the effect of the preheating of the rail ends into account. The preheating temperature generates residual stresses. The results are based on the shear stress SYZ in three parallel lines: The first (Z-1) and the last (Z+1) are positioned at the rail/weld interfaces and the second (Z0) is crossing in the middle of the weld.
Finite elements; Shear stress; Welding; Aluminothermic; Defects; Porosity; Adhesion.
[1]. P.-J. Mutton, E.-F. Alvarez, Failure modes in aluminothermic rail welds under high axle load conditions, Engineering Failure Analysis 11 (2004) 151–166.
[2]. Jean-Claude ALACOQUE, Pierre CHAPAS, Transport ferroviaire: gestion de l'adhérence, pp. 6–8. [3]. NF A 45-317 Produits Sidérurgiques Laminés à Chaud, Rail Vignole type 60 kg/m et éclisse, Profil: caractéristiques et tolérance. [4]. I. Mouallif, A. Chouaf, A. Elamri, A. Benali, Effets des défauts de soudure aluminothermique sur le comportement mécanique des rails, Mechanics & Industry12 (2011) 343-351. [5]. I. Mouallif, A. Chouaf, A. Elamri, A. Benali, Étude du comportement mécanique des rails soudés par aluminothermie, VIème Journées d'Études Techniques 2010, Marrakech, Maroc, 2010.
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Jain Nupur, Mehta Anurika, Duggal Rakesh |
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| Seasonal Variation and Bacteriological Analysis of an Industrial City of Western India | ||||||||||||
In the present study efforts have been made to assess seasonal variations and bacteriological analysis in ground water quality. The impact of industrialization on quality of drinking water of different locations of industrial city of Kota, Rajasthan, India was investigated. Parameters like pH, Temperature, TDS, Conductivity, Dissolved oxygen, Hardness, Chlorides and Total Coli form were determined. The present study reveals that water quality of most of the selected sampling stations is a cause of concern as parameters like TDS, Conductivity, and Hardness & Coli-form are not in limits prescribed by WHO. Overall study also indicates variance in the concentrations of these parameters in all seasons was in Pre-monsoon > Post-monsoon > Monsoon sequence.
Seasonal variations, bacteriological analysis, Industrialization, groundwater.
[1]. Akinbile, C. O., & Yusoff, M. S. (2011). Environmental impact of leachate pollution on groundwater supplies in Akure, Nigeria. International Journal of Environmental Science and Development, 2(1), 81-89.
[2]. APHA (2005). Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Waste Water (21th ed.). Washington DC: American Public Health Association. [3]. Gulta D. P., Sunita & Saharan J. P. (2009). Physico chemical analysis of ground water of selected area of Kaithal city (Haryana) India. Researcher, 1(2), 1-5. [4]. M. K. Singh, Dhaneshwar Jha & Jyoti Jadoun (2012). Assessment of Physico-chemical Status of Groundwater Samples of Dholpur District, Rajasthan, India International Journal of Chemistry; Vol. 4, No. 4, 96-104. [5]. Meena Manju, , et.al., (2014) "Seasonal Variations and Sources of Heavy Metals in Free Fall Dust in an Industrial City of Western India", Iranica Journal of Energy & Environment, Vo. 5, No. 2, pp. 160-166.
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Monika Singh, |
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| Study on Clustering of Data | ||||||||||||
Clustering can be defined as the unsupervised classification of patterns (observations, data, or feature vectors) into groups (clusters).The main objective of clustering is to find similarities between any given data and use these similarities to assist in understanding the relationship between the sample data. In this paper, a brief reference to machine learning and description of supervised and unsupervised learning is given. Various approaches to clustering data and cluster analysis are discussed. Each approach has its own pros and cons. The taxonomy of clustering, different methods of clustering and validity indices that determines how compact and well separated the clusters are is also discussed. The application of clustering techniques is also discussed in brief.
unsupervised learning, hierarchical clustering, K-means, K-mediods, density based clustering, fuzzy clustering, validity indices
[1]. A.K. Jain, M.N. Murty, P.J. Flynn, "Data clustering: A review", ACM Computing Surveys, Vol. 31, No. 3, September 1999. [2]. Glenn Fung, "A Comprehensive Overview of Basic Clustering Algorithms" [3]. Tapas Kanungo, David M. Mount, Nathan S. Netanyahu, et. Al, "An Efficient k-means Clustering Algorithm: Analysis and Implementation". [4]. Balaji K and Juby N Zacharias, "Fuzzy c-means" [5]. Weiling Cai, Songcan Chen and Daoqiang Zhang, "Fast and Robust Fuzzy C-Means Clustering Algorithms Incorporating Local Information for Image Segmentation".
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SAMUEL I. EGWUNATUM, NOEL OGBARAN |
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| Empirical Model for the Validation of Estimated Completion Time of Construction Projects and Their Value of Variation | ||||||||||||
Variation has a significant effect on the cost and time of delivery of construction projects. It has been ascertained from this study that the nature of variation allows for addition, omission or alteration in design, time and ultimately cost. To account for these effects, some fundamental contractual variables or parameters, like initial contract sum, value of approved variation time, final contract sum, estimated completion time, value of variation as determinants of variation where investigated. An empirical model was generated to show the recurrence relationship between estimated completion time (℘) and values of variation (Λ) vide a field sampling experimentation. Hypothetical findings have been observed on the logical dependence of these parameters to show that there is a significant relationship between these two variables.
Estimated completion time, value of variation, variation order, final contract sum, final completion time.
[1]. Arain, F.M. (2005). Strategic Management of Variation Orders for Institutional Building: Leveraging on Information Technology Proceedings, PP 1-17, Toronto Canada. Retrieved August 02, 2007.
[2]. Arain, F.M. & Pheng, L.S. (20-05). The Potential effects of Variation Orders on Institutional Building Project". Facilities, Vol. 23, no 11/12, pp 496-510 [3]. Ashworth A. and Hogg K. (2008) Willis‟s Practice and Procedure for The Quantity Surveyor, 11th ed. Blackwell Science publishing, Great Britain. [4]. Assaf S.A., Al-Khalil and Al-Hazmi M. (1995). Causes of delay in large building construction projects. Journal of Management in Engineering ASCE 112:45-50 [5]. Aje, I.O. (2008) The Impact of Contractor‟s prequalification and criteria of Award on construction project performance in Lagos and Abuja. An unpublished Ph.D Thesis, submitted to Department of Quantity Surveying, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria.
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Aishwarya Ravichandran, Aashay Naik |
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| Modelling and Simulation of DFIG based wind energy system | ||||||||||||
The paper represents the modelling and simulation of DFIG based wind energy system in the graphical environment SIMULINK. Here, we have tested the wind power system for three fault conditions and analysed the results.
SIMULINK, DFIG, pitch controller, fault conditions, converter bridges
[1]. Muljadi, E.: Pitch-controlled variable-speed wind turbine generation; Industry Applications Conference, 1999. Thirty-Fourth IAS Annual Meeting. Conference Record of the 1999 IEEE ,Volume:1
[2]. Liuchen Chang :Wind Energy Conversion Systems; IEEE Canadian Review [3]. Indrajit Koley, Swarnankur Ghosh, Avishek Ghose Roy, Dr.Pradip Kumar Saha , Dr.Gautam Kr. Panda :Matlab Modelling and Simulation of Grid Connected Wind Power Generation Using Doubly Fed Induction Generator; International Journal of Computational Engineering Research, July 2014 [4]. Mohammed Rashid :Power Electronics ,Third Edition [5]. B.L Thereja, A.K Thereja :Electrical Technology, Volume 2
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Najeeb M, Elson John |
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| Study on Performance of Prefabricated Ferrocement Slabs | ||||||||||||
Prefabrication has been found to be an optimum solution for speedy construction over the years and. Ferrocement is found to be an ideal alternative for RCC considering the cost of construction. Prefabricated Ferrocement elements can be a better solution for low cost housing with speedy construction. This paper studies the performance of prefabricated ferrocement slabs. Ferrocement slabs of size 1m x 1m with 5cm thickness were casted and tested in laboratory and their breaking load capacity was studied. The number of layers of wire mesh was varied in order to compare the test results. The slab with two layer of wire mesh was found to be better compared to slab with one layer of wire mesh.
Ferrocement, Prefabrication, Slabs, Wire-Mesh, Breaking Load Capacity
[1]. State-of-the-Art Report on Ferrocement, ACI Committee 549
[2]. Teresa Guevara-Perez and Svetlana Brzev, Precast Concrete Construction, British Columbia Institute of Technology, Canada [3]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferrocement?oldid=628436732 [4]. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prefabrication?oldid=642676768 [5]. Kantharaju, K.Vasudev, S Kulkarni, C.V Chandrashekar, G Rajappa, N.G Malji, ―Ferrocement components for low cost housing in developing countries‖, 26th Conference on Our World in Concrete Structures, August 2001
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